In aceasta lucrare,in urma unei analize a prescriptiilor tehnice din domeniu, a informatiilor prezentate in referintele bibliografice precum si a siteurile firmelor specializate, s-a realizat o sinteza a domeniilor de utilizare recomandate pentru alegerea solutiei de imbunatatire a terenurilor slabe de fundare precum si a avantajelor si dezavantajelor specifice fiecarei metode tehnologice.
In this paper, following an analysis of prescriptions in the field, the information presented in the references and the websites of specialized companies, has achieved a synthesis of fields of application recommended for choosing the solution to improve weak soil foundation and specific advantages and disadvantages of each method technology.

CHOICE SOLUTIONS TO IMPROVE WEAK FOUNDATION SOIL LAND - RECOMMENDED DOMAIN

Socul de atac se produce la circulatia unui vehicul feroviar intr-o curba, in care apare un cot discontinuu, matematic reprezentat de un punct unghiular, unghiul de soc din acest punct produce o schimbare brusca de directie a vehicului respectiv o forta dinamica de soc. In lucrare se prezinta modelul matematic pe baza caruia se determina forta dinamica de soc si influenta acesteia asupra sigurantei ghidarii vehiculului de cale ferata. Studiul s-a exemplificat pentru cazul unei locomotivei diesel clasa BR 232 pe doua boghiuri a cate trei osii, pentru transportul trenurilor grele de marfa dar si cu posibilitatea remorcarii trenurilor de calatori, deoarece vehicule feroviare motoare cu boghiuri pe trei osii in general la circulatia in curbe, inscrierea este mai pretentioasa comparativ cu boghiurile motoare pe doua osii si pentru ca in cazul in care in mod accidental apar coturi discontinue, riscul aparitiei fenomenului de escaladare a ciupercii sinei de cale de catre roata atacanta, este mai pronuntat. De asemenea, in lucrare se mai arata si ca forta dinamica poate conduce la cresterea inacceptabila a fortei de ghidare Y a osiei conducatoare a vehiculului si deci la depasirea raportului (Y/Q)lim care defineste limita la deraiere, Q fiind sarcina pe roata atacanta. In concluzii se indica masurile constructive ce trebuiesc adoptate pentru asigurarea sigurantei ghidarii vehiculului la circulatia in curbe.
The shock attack occurs in the movement of a railway vehicle in a curve, in which it occurs an elbow discontinuously, mathematically represented by an angular angle produces a shock of this sudden change in direction of the vehicle that a dynamic force shock. The paper presents mathematical model based on the dynamic force that determines the shock and its influence on vehicle safety guidance. The study was exemplified by the case of a locomotive on two bogies of three axles, as is the case of diesel locomotives class BR 232, to identify the conduct dynamic of it in circulation in curve where the accident occurred elbows staple affecting the safety movement against derailment. Furthermore, the paper also shows that the dynamic action of overloads transverse horizontal may increase unacceptable force guiding Y axle driving the vehicle and thus overcome ratio (Y / Q) lim defining limit derailment, Q being the load on the attack wheel. The conclusions indicate constructive measures that must be taken to ensure the safety of the vehicle to guide in the movement of in curves.

ANALYSIS OF SAFETY RAILWAY AGAINST DERAILMENT IN CASE OF LUDMILA BR 232 DIESEL LOCOMOTIVE

Articolul prezinta calitatile de tractiune si caracteristicile de consum a echipamentelor de transport pentru constructii echipate cu transmisie mecanica si hidromecanica, cu aplicatie la un convoi de transport rutier greu compus din doua autotractoare (unul tragator si altul impingator) de constructie speciala ambele cuplate la o remorca, la care consumul de combustibil este influentat de parametrii constructivi si funcționali, precum si de cresterea valorii raportului de transmitere al angrenajului principal. Se calculeaza reactiunile dinamice pe puntile autotractoarelor folosite la tractarea si impingerea remorcii si se face analiza bilantului de tractiune al convoiului la functionarea in regim dinamic, la linita de aderenta pentru un exemplu dat. Se justifica modul cum influenteaza caracteristicile constructive ale autotractoarelor folosite si cuplajul lor cu remorca, asupra consumului orar de combustibil.
The article presents the traction qualities and the consumption characteristic to equipments transport for construction with a mechanical and hydraulic transmission, applied in the case of a heavy haulage transport convoy, composed of two special design tractors (one pulling and one pushing) coupled to a trailer, for which the fuel consumption is influenced by the design and operational parameters, as well as by the increase in the value of the transmission ratio in the main drive train. The dynamic reactions on the axles of the tractors used for pulling and pushing the trailer are being calculated and the traction balance is analysed in operation under a dynamic regime, at the limit of adherence for a given example. The way in which the design features of the tractor engines and their coupling with the trailer influence the hourly fuel consumption is being justified.

THE TRACTION QUALITIES AND THE CONSUMPTION CHARACTERISTIC TO EQUIPMENTS TRANSPORT FOR CONSTRUCTION WITH A MECHANICAL AND HYDRAULIC TRANSMISSION

In cadrul prezentului articol se propune efectuarea unor studii privind determinarea si utilizarea unor indici/criterii de confort ale organismului uman supus actiunii vibratiilor mecanice induse in mod terapeutic prin intermediul unor dispozitive de dozat vibratii montate pe orteze.
We aimed to investigate the (determination and) utilisation of several comfort parameters of the human body subdued to the action of mechanical vibrations. These vibrations are induced therapeutically by special vibrations’ distribution devices localised on orthoses.

CONTRIBUTIONS REGARDING THE VIBRATIONS ANALYSIS INDUCED THERAPEUTICALLY ON THE ORTHOSES

Unul dintre cele mai folosite sisteme de franare atat pentru vehicule motoare cat si pentru cele remorcate este frana pneumatica automata. Frana pneumatica indirecta este considerata si utilizata ca frana de baza la vehiculele de cale ferata. Pentru etansarea pistonului, a cilindrului, cat si la etansarea tijei pistonului, se utilizeaza garnituri canelate simetrice si asimetrice din cauciuc. Garniturile canelate din cauciuc se realizeaza dintr-un amestec de cauciuc de diferite calitati si duritati, rezistent la produse petroliere (ulei hidraulic, ulei de transformator, uleiuri minerale, unsori consistente, emulsii apa–ulei, motorina etc.) cu impermeabilitate buna la gaze, fabricate prin procesul de profilare (extrudare) sau de vulcanizare in matrita.

Articolul contine denumirile aferente tratarii prin calire corespunzatoare aliajelor de aluminiu forjabile si turnabile.
The article contains forgeable and moulding aluminium alloys names due to hardening treatment.

STUDIES CONCERNING THE ALUMINIUM ALLOYS POINTING OUT PROCESS

Scopul lucrarii este acela de a prezenta o serie de aspecte tribologice aparute in functionarea dozatorilor celulari utilizati pentru evacuarea continua a cenusii de sist din electrofiltre, in conditiile mentinerii riguros constante a debitului evacuat si pastrarii etanseitatii utilajului. Aceste cercetari au fost intreprinse de colectivul de tribologie de la Institutul de Mecanica Solidelor al Academiei Romane, in colaborare cu Facultatea de Utilaj Tehnologic a Universitatii Tehnice de Constructii Bucuresti. In laborator s-a realizat simularea procesului de uzare aparut in functionarea dozatorilor pe o instalatie experimentala. In cadrul studiilor efectuate au fost luate in considerare mai multe materiale. Pentru studierea comportarii la uzare a materialelor metalice utilizabile la confecţionarea paletelor s-a folosit metoda radiometrica, mai rapida si foarte precisa. Metoda gravimetrica s-a utilizat numai pentru determinarea vitezei de uzare a PTFE. Lucrarea prezinta rezultatele experimentale obţinute si comentariile aferente.
The purpose of the paper is to present some tribological aspects regarding the cellular dispensers equipment used for continuous evacuation of the shale ash from electrofilters, in conditions of maintaining a rigorous constant of the exhaust flow and also preventing the equipment leaks. These researches were carried out by Institute of Solid Mechanics of the Romanian Academy, in collaboration with the Faculty of Technological Equipment of Technical University of Civil Engineering. In the laboratory process was performed to simulate the wear of cellular dispensers that occurs during functioning on an experimental installation. In studies, different materials were tested. To study the wear behavior of metallic materials used for manufacturing blades was used the radiometric method, which is more rapid and very accurate. The gravimetric method was used only for determining the rate of wear of PTFE. The paper presents the experimental results and related comments.

STUDIES ON ABRASIVE WEAR OF CELLULAR DISPENSERS USED FOR SHALE ASH DISPOSAL FROM ELECTRO - FILTERS

In lucrare este prezentat un sistem de monitorizare si control al procesului de sapare asistata, pe traiectorie impusa, cu excavatorul cu o cupa. Prin abordarea complexa – simulare numerica si experimentare pe model de laborator – a fost posibila evaluarea initiala a performantelor pe modelul virtual al sistemului, cu reconfigurarea structurala si acordarea functionala ale acestuia, in scopul optimizarii caracteristicilor de capabilitate pentru intreg ansamblul functie de reglaj – sistem de control – organ de executie, astfel incat volumul testelor pe model real sa fie redus la minimum.
This work briefly presents a monitoring and control system intended for assistance of the digging process with one bucket excavator on constrained trajectories. The authors use a composed approaching based on computer simulation of virtual control system and experimental tests upon laboratory model. Thus, it was possible the initial evaluation of the system performances, enabling the structural reconfiguration and functional tuning of the controller kernel, following the optimization of the capability characteristics of the entire ensemble of adjust function – control system – working tool, in order to minimizing the experiments volume.

COMPUTATIONAL AND EXPERIMENTAL ASSESSMENTS ON CONSTRAINED TRAJECTORY DIGGING PROCESS